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Stock markets refer to a market place where investor scan  buy  and  sell  stocks.  The  price  at  which each  buying  and selling  transaction  takes  is  determined  by  the  market  forces.Let us take an example for a better understanding of how market forces determine stock prices. ABC Co. Ltd. enjoys high investor confidence and there is an anticipation of an upward movement in  its  stock  price.  More  and  more  people  would  want  to  buy this  stock  and  very  few  people  will  want  to  sell  this  stock  at current market price. Therefore, buyers will have to bid a higher price for this stock to match the ask price from the seller which will increase the stock price of ABC Co. Ltd. On the contrary, if there are more sellers than buyers for the stock of ABC Co. Ltd.in the market, its price will fall down. The stock market is where investors  connect to  buy  and  sell investments  most  commonly,stocks, which are shares of ownership in a public company. Thistudy  ca n  help  the  investors  to  understand  the  impact  of important  happening  on  the   India n  Stock  exchange  and international stock exchanges. This  is  especially relevant  in the current  scenario  when  the  financial  markets  across  the  globe are  getting  integrated  into  one  big  market and  the  impact  of one  exchange  on  the  other  exchanges.  The  study  of  the  stock exchanges in countries would definitely help the future investors to take investment decisions while investing in different sectors.

M. Theivanayaki & M. Ganeshwari. A Comparative Study of Indian Stock Marketwith International Stock Market. Journal of Money, Banking and Finance, Vol. 6,No. 1, 2020, pp. 1­7

Information  whether  political, social  or  economic creates reactions  in the  stock market leading to fluctuations.Such  information  could  be  internal  emanating within  the country, or external caused by events outside the country. Ourstudy assessed Covid­19 100thday information effect on health firms’ stock returns in Nigeria. We adopts event study approach and utilize stock prices of the firms covering 131 days to estimate abnormal returns within the event day. The study result showsa  positive abnormal  return for health firms in Covid­19  100thday. Considering the significance of the return, the testes shows value of 1.58 which is less than 1.96. This means that investors reacted positively to the information of Covid­19 100th day, but this positive reaction was insignificant. We therefore conclude that Covid­19 information into the Nigerian Health industry isa boost to activities in the sector with positive return. This calls for adequate  attention to  be given  to  the  sector by  relevant authorities to utilise the best  possible opportunity presented by the health challenge.

Keywords: Corona virus, Stock returns, Stock market,Health firms in Nigeria,Event study, World Health Organization, Sustainable development goals.

Ikwuagwu,  Henry  Chinedu,  Efanga,  Udeme Okon  and  Ihemeje,  James  Chinedu., Coronavirus  Disease­19 (Covid­19)  100th  Day  effect  on  Health  Firms’  Stock Returns in  Nigeria: An  Event Study  Approach. Journal of Money, Banking and Finance, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2020, pp. 9­-20

This  paper presents a  cost-­benefit  investigation approach devised to conduct Deoghar Airport Project (DAP) evaluation in conditions of limited analyst time, research budget and  data  availability.  The  emphasis  is  on  discarding economically viable from unviable Deoghar Airport Projects(DAP) rather than on arriving at a precise return figure. The paper starts by setting out the theoretical background regarding the identification and measurement of Deoghar Airport Project(DAP) benefits. It then presents a practical approach to measure such  benefits in  Deoghar Airport  projects involving  the expansion of passenger capacity and, subsequently, those aimed at expanding aircraft capacity. Deoghar Airport Projects (DAP) for the freight market and the estimation of airport costs areboth treated separately.

Keywords: Finance  Investments, Deoghar  Airport  Project(DAP),  Cost-benefit analysis,  Infrastructure,Transport.

JEL codes: D61,  H43, H54,R41

Manoj Kumar. Investigation of Finance Investments in Deoghar Airpot Infrastructure. Journal of Money, Banking and Finance, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2020, pp. 21-­49

This  study evaluates how the  most  basic of  human needs are impacted  by economic  recessions and  downturns.Specifically we focus on Nigerians given that results from this study can be generalized for much of Sub Saharan Africa given the similarities between Nigeria and others within this region.The research was qualitative and quantitative in design and data used were  from both  primary  and  secondary  sources.  The Primary data was sourced through questionnaires  distributed to 432 respondents while secondary data was garnered from published  articles  and reports  on  the  subject.  Means  and standard deviation were  statistical tools employed to  address research questions 1,2 and3; while the Testes technique was then used to analyze the 1,2 and 3 hypotheses. For the quantitative aspect (  against 4th  research question), having  found that  the unit root test on the time series data displayed a combination of 1(0)  and 1(1)  variables, the Auto regressive Distributed  Lag(ARDL) Model (Bounds Test inclusive) was employed for data estimation. Among other  things, this  study highlighted  the plight of Nigeria’s middle and lower income groups following economic upheavals. Findings reveal that economic downturns as seen within the study period made it markedly more difficult for average Nigerians in both the urban and rural areas to feed and  meet  the  most  basic  needs.  The  difficulties  faced  by individuals were further  confirmed by a reduced  expenditure on health and the acquisition of household assets were seen to drop markedly.  Key markers  of economic  recession such  as interest rate, public debt and real exchange rate were found tobe  significant both  in the  short  and  longueur. The  research concludes that the negative effect of economic recession on the health of Nigerians remained significant throughout the study period.

Keywords: Economic Recession,Physiological Needs, Nigerians, Health.

Ugwuanyi, Georgina Obinne, Okanya, Ogochukwu Chinelo and Efanga, Udeme Okon. Impact of Global Economic Recession on Basic Physiological Needs of Nigerian Citizens. Journal of Money, Banking and Finance, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2020, pp. 51-­75

In  response  to  decision  making  process  towards resilience, women are largely excluded. This has culminated in women  experiencing  poverty,  inequity  and  less  socioeconomic supremacy  than  men. New  economic  opportunities  have  been created  through  financial  services.  Many  factors  contribute  to women's  financial  exclusion  not  minding the  global  rise  in financial inclusion. Statistics from Global Findex data base 2017for instance records a rise from 54% to 63% on account holder sin  developing  countries.  In  these  statistics,  women  were  9%points  lower  than  men.  Sub Saharan Africa  has  been  recorded by  The  UNDP  as  the most  gender  –unequal  regions.  Poverty,absence  of  financial  institutions,  education,  and  gender ­based barriers  have been identified as  some of the factors  promoting financial  exclusion.  The  objective  of  the  study  therefore  is  an integration of interoperability and mobile money agent towards achieving  financial  inclusion  of  women.  The  study  employed field  survey,  undertaking  a  baseline  survey  of  the  gaps  in education,  formal  account  holding  and  ability  to  use  digital financial products. Graphic illustrations exposed the magnitude of gender gaps in financial related inclusion proxies. Innovations targeted  towards  promoting  equity  and  resilience  should  be gender sensitive. Policies or programs  that focus  on  enhancing women's access to financial services can thus strengthen equity and  resilience.

Keywords: Gender, Sub Saharan Africa, financial inclusion,Equity, Resilience,interoperability, mobile money agent.

Chinwe Okoyeuzu. Closing Gender Financial Inclusion Gap: A Panacea for Equity& Resilience in Sub­ Saharan Africa. Journal of Money, Banking and Finance, Vol.6, No. 1, 2020, pp. 77-­87