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Digital financial literacy has recently piqued the interest of researchers and policymakers worldwide, especially in India. Financial inclusion could be effectively achieved by promoting digital financial literacy. Digitalization and faster internet technologies lead to a greater rural and urban digital divide due to their digital incompetency and illiteracy. Much literature shows that demographic variables namely age, gender, marital status, level of education, social groups, religion, profession, size of the family, APL/BPL, and the size of the landholding has a significant relation with digital financial literacy. Therefore, all these factors should be taken into account when developing financial training programmes to improve digital financial literacy. This paper tries to identify the relationship between digital financial literacy and demographic factors in rural areas of India. A multi-stage sampling technique has been used for choosing the 500 respondents from the rural areas of the Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh for the study.

Keywords: Digital Financial Literacy, Digitalization, Financial Inclusion, Digital Financial Infrastructure.

Abdul Azeez N.P., S. M. Jawed Akhtar & Nasira Banu M. (2022). Relationship between Demographic Factors and Digital Financial Literacy. Indian Development Policy Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 155-166.

Rupinder Kaur & Palwinder Kaur (2022). Repayment Performance and Over dues of Cooperative Loans of Farmers in Rural Punjab. Indian Development Policy Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 167-177.

This paper examines the impact of identified key variables on India’s total trade (exports and imports) with GCC countries by using augmented gravity model on panel data. The export model results reveal that partner countries GDP, per capita GDP of partner countries, population in partner countries, trade openness in partner countries, total imports in GCC countries, export affinity in India, diaspora and trade agreement increase the volume of India’s exports to GCC countries, whereas distance, real exchange rate, per-capita GDP difference, inflation in India and tariff rates in GCC countries reduce the volume of India’s exports to GCC countries. On the other side, the results of import model explicate that reporter country GDP, GDP per capita in India, Indian population, import affinity in India, trade openness in India, real exchange rate and trade agreement have significant positive impact on India’s imports from GCC countries, whereas tariff rates in India significantly reduce the volume of India’s imports from GCC countries.

Keywords: Exports, Imports, Augmented Gravity Model, Panel Data, GCC countries

Vasudha Gupta & Swami Prasad Saxena (2022). Determinants of Indo–Gcc Trade: A Panel Data Analysis. Indian Development Policy Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 179-192.

We conducted an empirical investigation to assess the resultant effects of mergers and acquisitions in the Nigerian banking sector with respect to earnings per share (as a proxy for shareholder’s return). From the results and analysis conducted, the paper established that mergers and acquisitions had increased the performance of banks in terms of market shares and capital base. Equally important to note, is the fact that introduction of consolidation through mergers and acquisitions has brought about changes in the ownership structure of Nigerian banks. It has also brought about decentralization of ownership to many shareholders contrary to centralization of ownership structure in the hand of a few shareholders prior to mergers and acquisitions of commercial banks in Nigeria.

Keywords: Mergers and Acquisition, Consolidation, Shareholders, Ownership Structure

Efanga, Udeme Okon, Kayadi, Biradawa & Issac, Ndifreke Edem (2022). An Empirical Investigation of the Effect of Mergers and Acquisition on Shareholders Return in the Nigerian Banking Sector. Indian Development Policy Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 193-205.

This research empirically analysed the effect of internationalisation on corporate organizations in developing countries, evidence from West Africa. This research employed survey research design which data used for analysis were sourced through the use of questionnaire. The result obtained from study revealed that internationalization was found to be positively related to the performance of corporate organizations but statistically insignificance. Internationalization has a coefficient value of 0.035 and a Sig. value of 0.425.The study therefore recommends that more attention be given to internationalization to ensure significant contribution to performance.

Keywords: Internationalisation, Corporate organization, West Africa, Corporate performance, Developing countries

Kingsley Nwagu (2022). The Effect of Internalisation on the Performance of Corporate Organisations in Developing Countries: Evidence from West Africa. Indian Development Policy Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 207-240.

Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) has considerably improved the availability of Individual Household Latrines in rural areas. Since the launch of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) the number of households having toilets has increased from 37.2 per cent to 100 per cent in rural areas. Sanitation in Jammu and Kashmir was among the worst in India as only 20.38 per cent of households had toilets before the start of Swachh Bharat Mission on 02 October, 2014. The present research paper has made an attempt to evaluate the impact of Swachh Bharat Mission on improving the sanitation in the rural areas of Reasi district of Jammu and Kashmir. It has analysed the status of implementation of various aspects of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) like provision of constructing individual household latrines, activities conducted under Information, Education and Communication, solid and liquid waste management, etc. In the present study, it was found that the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) has been successful in achieving the target of providing universal sanitation coverage on the parameter of individual household latrines but still many people in villages practice open defecation. Further, it has also been observed that the solid and liquid waste management, an important component of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin), was not getting any attention till now.

Keywords: sanitation, hygiene, solid and liquid waste, open defecation,

Ashwani Kumar (2022). Impact of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) on Rural Sanitation: A Study of Rural Areas of Reasi District of Jammu and Kashmir. Indian Development Policy Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 241-257.

The role of Entrepreneurship theories and research in the development of the entrepreneurship field cannot be over emphasized. The paper aims at given an overview of some important classic contributions relating to present and most likely future empirical research subjects in the field of entrepreneurship. Using content analysis, the paper seeks to provide answers as to the position of the entrepreneur within the economic system; the position of the entrepreneur within the Firm; the definition of the Entrepreneur; the entrepreneurial ability or personality needed in order for an Entrepreneur to successfully perform the task; the returns to entrepreneurship and the Entrepreneurial drive and finally, the factors that Determines supply and demand in the entrepreneurs market. This was achieved by analysing six past contributors in entrepreneurship research in the persons of Richard Cantillon, Jean Baptiste Say, Alfred Marshall, Joseph Schumpeter, Frank Knight and Israel Kirzner. The analysis offered a number of insights into what actually determines a successful entrepreneurship. It is clear from the analysis that the field of entrepreneurship has some interesting and relevant theories which are underpinned by empirical research evidence. This development holds a rather brighter future for the study, research, and practice of entrepreneurship.

Keywords: Entrepreneur, Theories, Research, Firm

Mohammed Aminu Bello (2022). The Application of Entrepreneurship Theories in Empirical Research. Indian Development Policy Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 259-279.